毕晓普的诗《在鱼舍》（胡桑译）

胡桑 · 发表于 2008-7-5 16:08:16

At the FishhousesElizabeth Bishop Although it is a cold evening,down by one of the fishhousesan old man sits netting,his net, in the gloaming almost invisible,a dark purple-brown,and his shuttle worn and polished. The air smells so strong of codfishit makes one's nose run and one's eyes water.The five fishhouses have steeply peaked roofsand narrow, cleated gangplanks slant upto storerooms in the gablesfor the wheelbarrows to be pushed up and down on.All is silver: the heavy surface of the sea,swelling slowly as if considering spilling over,is opaque, but the silver of the benches,the lobster pots, and masts, scatteredamong the wild jagged rocks,is of an apparent translucencelike the small old buildings with an emerald mossgrowing on their shoreward walls.The big fish tubs are completely linedwith layers of beautiful herring scalesand the wheelbarrows are similarly plasteredwith creamy iridescent coats of mail,with small iridescent flies crawling on them.Up on the little slope behind the houses,set in the sparse bright sprinkle of grass,is an ancient wooden capstan,cracked, with two long bleached handlesand some melancholy stains, like dried blood,where the ironwork has rusted.The old man accepts a Lucky Strike.He was a friend of my grandfather.We talk of the decline in the populationand of codfish and herringwhile he waits for a herring boat to come in. There are sequins on his vest and on his thumb.He has scraped the scales, the principal beauty,from unnumbered fish with that black old knife,the blade of which is almost worn away. Down at the water's edge, at the placewhere they haul up the boats, up the long rampdescending into the water, thin silvertree trunks are laid horizontallyacross the gray stones, down and downat intervals of four or five feet. Cold dark deep and absolutely clear,element bearable to no mortal,to fish and to seals . . . One seal particularlyI have seen here evening after evening.He was curious about me. He was interested in music;like me a believer in total immersion,so I used to sing him Baptist hymns.I also sang "A Mighty Fortress Is Our God."He stood up in the water and regarded mesteadily, moving his head a little.Then he would disappear, then suddenly emergealmost in the same spot, with a sort of shrugas if it were against his better judgment.Cold dark deep and absolutely clear,the clear gray icy water . . . Back, behind us,the dignified tall firs begin.Bluish, associating with their shadows,a million Christmas trees standwaiting for Christmas. The water seems suspendedabove the rounded gray and blue-gray stones.I have seen it over and over, the same sea, the same,slightly, indifferently swinging above the stones,icily free above the stones,above the stones and then the world.If you should dip your hand in,your wrist would ache immediately,your bones would begin to ache and your hand would burnas if the water were a transmutation of firethat feeds on stones and burns with a d ark gray flame.If you tasted it, it would first taste bitter,then briny, then surely burn your tongue.It is like what we imagine knowledge to be:dark, salt, clear, moving, utterly free,drawn from the cold hard mouthof the world, derived from the rocky breastsforever, flowing and drawn, and sinceour knowledge is historical, flowing, and flown.    在鱼舍毕晓普胡桑译 那是个寒夜，在某间鱼舍下一位老人坐着织网，他的网暗紫褐色，在暮色中几乎看不见，他的梭子被磨得铮亮。空气中的鳕鱼味如此浓烈让人淌鼻涕、流泪。五间鱼舍屋顶尖峭、狭窄，带防滑条的跳板斜伸向山墙内的仓库让手推车推上推下。一片银色：大海沉重的表面是不透明的，它慢慢膨胀，像要溢出，而长凳、龙虾篓和桅杆的银色，是清晰的半透明，散布在嶙峋的乱石间，犹如一些古旧的小房子，面海的墙上长出一面翠绿的苔藓，大鱼桶被一层层美丽的鲱鱼鳞片弄满皱纹，水推车同样被涂上一层奶油般的彩虹色铠甲，彩虹色的小苍蝇在上面爬着。鱼舍背后的小斜坡上是一只古老的木质绞盘，放在一小片稀疏而明亮的草中，开裂，带有两只风化变白的长柄以及锈蚀的铁制部分上一些忧郁的斑点，犹如干掉的血迹。老人接过一根“好彩”烟①。他是我外祖父的朋友。在他等着一条鲱鱼船驶进时，我们聊人口的减少以及鳕鱼、鲱鱼。他的汗衫和拇指上都是圆形小光片。他用暗黑的旧刀刮掉无数鱼的鳞片，那主要的美，刀刃几乎已磨钝。 水边，在他们把船拖上岸的地方，在伸进水里的长斜坡之上，瘦小、银色的树干水平地放在灰石头上，渐次向下，每隔四五英尺。 冷、暗、深且无比清澈，能承受非凡的人②、鱼以及海豹的元素……尤其是对一只海豹我在此处夜复一夜地见到他。他对我好奇。他喜欢音乐；就像我，一个十足的浸礼会信徒，因此，我曾给他唱浸礼会圣歌③。我还唱《上主是我坚固保障》④。他立在水中，镇定地凝视我，微微晃一下头。随后，他会消失，然后又在同一处突然现身，耸耸肩，就像这会妨碍他更好的判断。冷、暗、深且无比清澈，那清澈、灰色、冰冷的水……后退，我们身后，肃穆高达的冷杉出现。百万棵圣诞树站立等待着圣诞节，微蓝，伴着它们的影子。水像被悬在灰色、蓝灰的圆石头之上。我一遍遍地看过这同一个海，同一个，轻轻地、冷漠地在石头之上晃动，冰冷、自由，在石头之上，在石头之上，然后在世界之上。如果你把手浸入水中，你的腕立刻会疼骨头会开始疼，手会烧伤，就像水是火的化身以石头为食，烧着暗淡、灰色的火焰。如果你尝一下水，最初会是苦的，随后是咸的，随后肯定烧伤你的舌头。它就像我们所想象的知识：黑暗、咸、清澈、运动、绝对自由，从世界的冷而坚硬的口中汲取，永远源于岩石乳房，流动、远去，因为我们的知识是历史性的，流动、飞逝。 胡桑按：此诗为毕晓普代表作之一，典型的毕晓普诗风：精确、简洁、平静。选自毕晓普第二本诗集《寒冷的春天》（A Cold Spring,1955）。黄灿然、马永波、丁丽英等译过此诗。①好彩烟（LUCKY STRIKE），美国著名香烟品牌。英美烟草公司旗下产品。②非凡的人，原文“no mortal”，不确定，待查。此诗中的“mortal”疑为“凡人”之意。③浸礼会（Baptist），又称浸信会，基督教新教主要宗派之一。十七世纪上半叶产生于英国以及在荷兰的英国流亡者中。反对给儿童行洗礼，主张教徒成年后方可受洗，且受洗者须全身浸入水中（象征重生），称为“浸礼”，故名。④《上主是我坚固保障》（A Mighty Fortress Is Our God），基督教圣歌，马丁·路德作于1529年，并由他本人作曲，正值宗教改革期间，被诗人海涅誉为“宗教改革的《马赛曲》”。此诗取材于《诗篇46：1—3》：“神是我们的避难所，是我们的力量，是我们在患难中随时的帮助。所以地虽改变，山虽摇动到海心，其中的水虽匉訇翻腾，山虽因海涨而战抖，我们也不害怕。”在德国家喻户晓，纳粹之前的德国国歌。后传唱于全世界。杨荫浏先生于1933年译为汉语，名为《坚固保障歌》，首句为：“上主是我坚固保障”。

plummilk · 发表于 2008-7-16 17:31:50

好诗!!

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毕晓普的诗《在鱼舍》（胡桑译）

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